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ADHD Medications The first medicine doctors use to control symptoms is stimulants. They boost the levels of two chemical messengers called dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. The most frequently prescribed stimulants are methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine. They are available under the brand names Ritalin (Vyvanse) and Concerta (Ritalin). They suppress appetite and cause weight loss in children. They also increase blood pressure and heart rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, also known as Ritalin, is the most common stimulant medication used to treat ADHD in both children and adults. It works by altering levels of certain natural substances within the brain. It can be taken in liquid form, chewable tablet, or capsule. The tablets that are long-acting and the orally disintegrating tablets provide some medication immediately, whereas the capsules release a steady dose of medicine over time. It is advised not to drink alcohol while taking these medicines. Medications like methylphenidate stimulate brain regions that are inactive for ADHD patients, for example those involved in concentration. They boost concentration and make things easier such as listening, following instructions, and paying attention. These medicines can also reduce physical aggression and other types of antisocial behavior. Studies of the effects of methylphenidate on the brain have shown that it boosts levels of noradrenaline and dopamine in the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens. It does not, however, connect to the serotonin transporter and therefore doesn't affect serotonin levels. This mechanism of action is thought to be the reason methylphenidate decreases symptoms of ADHD. Methylphenidate must be taken as a part of a complete treatment program for ADHD that includes counseling and special education. It may cause undesirable effects, such as headaches and stomachaches. It is not recommended to pregnant women. If the benefits of the medication outweigh the risk, it could be used during pregnancy. Your doctor will provide guidance. Methylphenidate is a Schedule II drug, which means it has a high risk of abuse and addiction. It's also a central nervous system stimulant and can cause an increase in blood pressure and heart rate in certain people. These effects can be hazardous in the event of an illness that affects how your body uses blood pressure and heart rate-lowering medications for example, the fatty liver disease known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or a history of a heart attack. Methylphenidate could trigger allergic reactions in some people. If you have any allergies, tell your doctor. They may be able to prescribe a different medication that does not cause these reactions. Amphetamines Amphetamines, which are a type of psychostimulant, are used to treat ADHD. They help by increasing levels of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. This improves cognitive performance and motivational behavior. They also aid in treating narcolepsy, a condition that is characterized by excessive sleepiness. Amphetamines are available over the market or with a prescription from a doctor. Children who aren't responding to methylphenidate – which is the first option for treating ADHD in the United States is often prescribed amphetamines. In a new Cochrane review, researchers looked at seven randomized controlled trials of amphetamines (dextroamphetamine, the lisdexamfetamine derivative [Vyvanse] and mixed amphetamine salts) in adolescents and children with ADHD. The results revealed that amphetamines were superior to placebo for reducing the severity of core ADHD symptoms. However, the majority of studies had a high risk of bias. It is hard to tell if the differences between the amphetamines observed are real. The authors looked at different dosages of the drug, but found no distinction between sustained-release and immediate-release formulations. The authors also looked at the effect of changing the duration of time that the drug is taken each day. Again, there was no difference. The authors also examined whether the combination of d-amphetamine and lamphetamine, which is the primary ingredient in Adderall, was more effective than just damphetamine. They discovered that the combination was more effective than d-amphetamine but not significantly. The authors concluded that their validity externally was limited by the short duration of the research as well as the strict inclusion criteria. It is beneficial to conduct longitudinal RCTs that have longer follow-up periods and use objective outcomes that are not affected by blinding failure. Future RCTs could also make use of multiple comparator drugs to increase the accuracy of their findings. Current guidelines recommend lisdexamfetamine, or methylphenidate as the primary treatment for adults suffering from ADHD. If the six-week trial of these medications does not bring about the desired results doctors can change to dexamfetamine standard, which breaks down faster into damphetamine and requires more frequent use. Atomoxetine may be prescribed in the event that dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine do not provide sufficient benefit to the patient. Long-acting stimulants Stimulant medicines ease ADHD symptoms for 70 to 80percent of children and adults who take them. They reduce hyperactivity, interruptions and fidgeting behavior as well as other disruptive behaviors. They also help improve focus, academic performance, and social skills. They could be the first treatment that your child's healthcare provider tries, or they might work with other therapies, like behavioral therapy. The medication is available in patches, liquids or pills that are applied to the skin. When your child begins taking these medications, their healthcare providers will monitor bodily responses to determine the appropriate dose. They'll also check for side effects. Long-acting stimulants are formulated to ease symptoms throughout the day without the need to take repeated doses. They feature a delayed-release element that means that the medication enters the body at different times, providing constant coverage for as long as 8 hours. They also have a lower risk for abuse and diversion than stimulants with short-acting effects. Amphétamines, also known as methylphenidates, are the two most popular classes of drugs that aid people suffering from ADHD improve attention, focus, and impulsivity. The medication affects dopamine levels in the brain. It may take up to a week to feel the full effect of these medicines, so your doctor will likely begin with a small dose and increase it gradually. The type of stimulant your child takes is dependent on a variety of aspects, such as weight, age, and whether your child is allergic or not to the drug. Tell concerta adhd medication if you child is taking any other prescription or OTC medications, vitamins and supplements. Certain medicines can cause dangerous side effects when taken in conjunction with other substances. Your doctor should be aware of what you and your child are taking. The side effects of stimulant medication include sleepiness, loss of appetite, and headaches. Most of these side effects go away after a few weeks or months, but it is important to consult your physician in the event that they do not. In some instances you may be able to minimize the adverse effects by taking the medication with food or altering the dose. Short-acting stimulants If you or your child is suffering from ADHD, there's a good chance that medication can help. Studies show that about 70% to 80 percent of both children and adults with ADHD get better by taking ADHD medications. These medications ease symptoms like hyperactivity, fidgeting and interruptions, as well as difficulties staying focused or performing tasks. These people have less trouble at home and school and more stable relationships. types of adhd medication alter the levels of chemicals in your brain, namely norepinephrine and dopamine. They are the first treatment that doctors recommend for both adults and children with ADHD. Methylphenidate (brand name Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine (brand name Adderall) are two of the most commonly prescribed stimulants. These drugs can be prescribed in extended-release by doctors, which lasts between 6 to 16 hours. They can be taken in the morning, or at various times throughout the day to avoid fluctuations in blood levels. You or your child might need to test different dosages and medications before settling on the right one that helps. Some of the side effects are headaches, stomachaches, and changes in heart rate or blood pressure. These effects are usually experienced when an atypical medication is introduced or the dosage is raised. These effects usually disappear with time, as the body gets used to the medication. All medications can cause adverse effects. However they are not experienced by most people very often or even all the time. Speak to your doctor right away in the event that you or your child is experiencing an adverse reaction. In certain situations the person suffering from ADHD doesn't require stimulant medication. This is especially true if the person has very good coping abilities or can organize his/her life so that ADHD medication is only required in certain circumstances. There are some who may be prescribed non-stimulant ADHD medication, like antidepressants like bupropion (Wellbutrin). These drugs aren't FDA approved for treating ADHD, but they are employed “off-label” to treat this condition. Nonstimulant medication can cause less sedation, depression and anxiety than stimulants. However, it can still trigger some adverse effects such as sleeplessness or agitation.